Women and Child Desks in Police Stations: Challenges and Recommendations
Soumya Surachita Sahu : The Centre for the Sustainable Use of Natural and Social Resources (CSNR), Bhubaneswar, has conducted a comprehensive study on the status and functioning of Women and Child Desks (WCDs) across police stations in Odisha, Bihar, Jharkhand, and Chhattisgarh. These desks were established as a dedicated mechanism to address crimes like domestic violence, sexual harassment, and trafficking. While they represent a step forward in ensuring justice and support for women and children, significant gaps continue to hinder their effectiveness.
The study revealed alarming patterns in crimes against women and children. Odisha recorded the highest crime rate against women in 2022, with 103.3 cases per lakh population, driven by a surge in assaults and kidnappings. Bihar continues to grapple with entrenched social evils, recording the highest number of dowry deaths. In Jharkhand, tribal women and children face significant vulnerabilities, particularly in cases of trafficking and sexual violence. Chhattisgarh has seen a worrying rise in cybercrimes targeting women, underscoring the need for digital safety measures.
Although the establishment of WCDs has led to improved reporting in many regions, factors such as societal stigma, inadequate resources, and lack of awareness prevent many victims from seeking justice.
The study identified several barriers affecting the efficiency of Women and Child Desks (WCDs). One major issue is the inadequate training of desk officers, many of whom lack the specialized skills needed to handle sensitive cases effectively, which hampers their ability to counsel and support victims. Infrastructure deficits also pose a significant challenge, as most police stations do not have private spaces for victims to report cases, leading to discomfort and reluctance among survivors to come forward. Additionally, low female representation in police forces further discourages victims from confiding in officers, with women comprising only 5% of Jharkhand’s police force. Coordination gaps between WCDs, healthcare providers, legal aid services, and NGOs delay case resolution and hinder the rehabilitation of victims. Finally, funding constraints restrict emergency responses, such as immediate medical aid and rescue operations, limiting the effectiveness of WCDs in addressing urgent needs. These challenges undermine the potential of Women and Child Desks to provide timely and efficient support to those in need.
Several states have taken significant steps to strengthen the support system for women and children. Odisha has established 34 Child-Friendly Police Stations, equipped with facilities such as libraries, toys, and counselling rooms, to provide a safe environment for children. Chhattisgarh launched the ‘Abhivyakti’ app in 2022, enabling discreet crime reporting, and also set up 124 child-friendly police stations, including in remote areas affected by left-wing extremism. In Jharkhand, the ‘Shakti’ app was introduced, and Nirbhaya funds were utilized to establish 300 Women and Child Desks. Bihar created 850 Women and Child Desks and introduced ‘Bal Mitra Thanas’ to offer dedicated spaces where victims can safely report crimes. These initiatives reflect the states’ commitment to improving the safety and support systems for vulnerable populations.
The CSNR study emphasizes the need for systemic reforms to improve the functioning of Women and Child Desks (WCDs). One key recommendation is the implementation of comprehensive training programs, including regular workshops to equip desk personnel with essential skills in counselling, legal procedures, and victim support. Additionally, there is a call for improved infrastructure at police stations, with the establishment of private spaces for victims and the provision of adequate logistical resources to ensure timely responses. The study also advocates for an increase in female representation in policing, particularly at decision-making levels, to help create a more supportive environment for female victims. Furthermore, inter-agency coordination should be strengthened by developing Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) to ensure seamless collaboration between WCDs, legal aid services, and healthcare providers. Finally, the CSNR recommends launching community awareness campaigns to educate the public about their rights and the services available through Women and Child Desks, ensuring that victims are aware of the support systems in place. These reforms are crucial to making WCDs more efficient and accessible.
Women and Child Desks represent a crucial step in addressing gender-based violence and child exploitation. However, their potential remains underutilized due to structural challenges and societal barriers. With targeted reforms, adequate funding, and a focus on community engagement, these desks can become a powerful tool for ensuring justice and safety for women and children across India.
